#原创内容，转载请注明出处

博主地址：https://aronligithub.github.io/

前言

在经过上一篇章关于etcd单台部署，启用https以及ca自签名,这个篇章就是介绍以及演示三台etcd部署以及使用CFSSL来生成CA证书

环境要求

1、三台安装centos7的服务器
2、具备访问互联网
3、关闭服务器的防火墙以及selinux

服务器拓扑

etcd集群拓扑

服务器部署组件以及IP清单

host name 服务器IP etcd节点name
server81 172.16.5.81 infra1
server86 172.16.5.86 infra2
server87 172.16.5.87 infra3

CFSSL工具的安装

下载CFSSL的可执行二进制文件

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wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64 
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64 
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
chmod +x cfssl*

下载执行过程截图如下

安装wget工具
下载文件的过程
给文件添加执行权限

将这三个二进制可执行文件，修改名称复制到/usr/local/bin/下

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cp -v cfssl_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl
cp -v cfssljson_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
cp -v cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl-certinfo
ls /usr/local/bin/cfssl*

复制可执行文件至指定目录

使用CFSSL创建CA证书以及etcd的TLS认证证书

创建 CA (Certificate Authority)

创建 CA 配置文件（ca-config.json）

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[root@server81 etcdSSl]# vim ca-config.json

{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "876000h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "etcd": {
        "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
    "default": {
      "expiry": "876000h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "etcd": {
        "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ],
        "expiry": "876000h"
      }
    }
  }
}

创建CA配置文件

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"字段说明"
"ca-config.json"：可以定义多个 profiles，分别指定不同的过期时间、使用场景等参数；后续在签名证书时使用某个 profile；
"signing"：表示该证书可用于签名其它证书；生成的 ca.pem 证书中 CA=TRUE；
"server auth"：表示client可以用该 CA 对server提供的证书进行验证；
"client auth"：表示server可以用该CA对client提供的证书进行验证；

创建 CA 证书签名请求（ca-csr.json）

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[root@server81 etcdSSl]# vim ca-csr.json

{
  "CN": "etcd",
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "shenzhen",
      "L": "shenzhen",
      "O": "etcd",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}

创建CA签名请求

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"CN"：Common Name，etcd 从证书中提取该字段作为请求的用户名 (User Name)；浏览器使用该字段验证网站是否合法；
"O"：Organization，etcd 从证书中提取该字段作为请求用户所属的组 (Group)；
这两个参数在后面的kubernetes启用RBAC模式中很重要，因为需要设置kubelet、admin等角色权限，那么在配置证书的时候就必须配置对了，具体后面在部署kubernetes的时候会进行讲解。
"在etcd这两个参数没太大的重要意义，跟着配置就好。"

生成 CA 证书和私钥

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cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca
说明：生成 "ca-csr.json  ca-key.pem  ca.pem" 三个文件

ca根证书的生成过程

创建etcd的TLS认证证书

创建 etcd证书签名请求（etcd-csr.json）

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[root@server81 etcdSSl]# vim etcd-csr.json

{
  "CN": "etcd",
  "hosts": [
    "127.0.0.1",
    "172.16.5.81",
    "172.16.5.86",
    "172.16.5.87"
  ],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "shenzhen",
      "L": "shenzhen",
      "O": "etcd",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}

创建etcd证书签名请求

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[^_^]:
       如果 hosts 字段不为空，则需要指定授权使用该证书的 IP 或域名列表。
[>_<]:
       该证书被 etcd 集群使用，所以填写三台etcd服务器的IP即可。

生成 etcd证书和私钥

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cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=etcd etcd-csr.json | cfssljson -bare etcd

[^_^]:
       生成 "etcd-csr.json  etcd-key.pem  etcd.pem" 三个文件。

生成etcd证书以及私钥

将TLS 认证文件拷贝至证书目录下

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mkdir -p /etc/etcd/etcdSSL
cp * /etc/etcd/etcdSSL

[^_^]:
     存在CA证书的路径"/etc/etcd/etcdSSL"是自定义的，看个人习惯创建即可。

Server81 安装etcd服务

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yum install -y etcd

yum安装etcd

配置 etcd 的 service文件（/usr/lib/systemd/system）

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root@server81 ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service 

[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=notify
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/etcd/
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/etcd/etcd.conf
# set GOMAXPROCS to number of processors
ExecStart=/usr/bin/etcd \
  --name ${ETCD_NAME} \
  --cert-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/etcd.pem \
  --key-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/etcd-key.pem \
  --peer-cert-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/etcd.pem \
  --peer-key-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/etcd-key.pem \
  --trusted-ca-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/ca.pem \
  --peer-trusted-ca-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/ca.pem \
  --initial-advertise-peer-urls ${ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS} \
  --listen-peer-urls ${ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS} \
  --listen-client-urls ${ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS},http://127.0.0.1:2379 \
  --advertise-client-urls ${ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS} \
  --initial-cluster-token ${ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN} \
  --initial-cluster infra1=https://172.16.5.81:2380,infra2=https://172.16.5.86:2380,infra3=https://172.16.5.87:2380 \
  --initial-cluster-state new \
  --data-dir=${ETCD_DATA_DIR}

Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

在server81节点服务器，配置etcd的service文件

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参数说明：
1、指定 etcd 的工作目录为 /var/lib/etcd，数据目录为 /var/lib/etcd，需在启动服务前创建这两个目录；
在配置中的命令是这条：
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/etcd/

2、为了保证通信安全，需要指定 etcd 的公私钥(cert-file和key-file)、Peers 通信的公私钥和 CA 证书(peer-cert-file、peer-key-file、peer-trusted-ca-file)、客户端的CA证书（trusted-ca-file）；
在配置中添加etcd证书的命令是以下：
  --cert-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/etcd.pem \
  --key-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/etcd-key.pem \
  --peer-cert-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/etcd.pem \
  --peer-key-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/etcd-key.pem \
  --trusted-ca-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/ca.pem \
  --peer-trusted-ca-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/ca.pem \

3、配置etcd的endpoint：
--initial-cluster infra1=https://172.16.5.81:2380,infra2=https://172.16.5.86:2380,infra3=https://172.16.5.87:2380 \

4、配置etcd的监听服务集群：
  --initial-advertise-peer-urls ${ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS} \
  --listen-peer-urls ${ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS} \
  --listen-client-urls ${ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS},http://127.0.0.1:2379 \
  --advertise-client-urls ${ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS} \

5、配置etcd创建的集群为新集群，则定义集群状态为new
   --initial-cluster-state 值为 new

6、定义etcd节点的名称，该名称等下从配置文件中获取：
  --name ${ETCD_NAME} \ 
  其中配置文件：EnvironmentFile=-/etc/etcd/etcd.conf

etcd的配置文件（/etc/etcd/etcd.conf）

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[root@server81 ~]# vim /etc/etcd/etcd.conf

#[member]
ETCD_NAME=infra1
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://172.16.5.81:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://172.16.5.81:2379"

#[cluster]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://172.16.5.81:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://172.16.5.81:2379"

etcd节点的参数配置文件

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这是172.16.5.81节点的配置，如果配置其他etcd节点只要将上面的IP地址改成相应节点的IP地址即可。

启动 etcd 服务

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systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start etcd
systemctl status etcd

启动server81的etcd服务

到了这里基本etcd的证书以及Server81的etcd节点服务已经配置好了，下面就是快速部署配置一下Server86/87两台服务器的etcd证书以及服务。

Server86安装etcd服务

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yum install -y etcd

yum安装etcd

配置 etcd 的 service文件（/usr/lib/systemd/system）

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[root@server86 ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service

[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=notify
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/etcd/
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/etcd/etcd.conf
# set GOMAXPROCS to number of processors
ExecStart=/usr/bin/etcd \
  --name ${ETCD_NAME} \
  --cert-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/etcd.pem \
  --key-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/etcd-key.pem \
  --peer-cert-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/etcd.pem \
  --peer-key-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/etcd-key.pem \
  --trusted-ca-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/ca.pem \
  --peer-trusted-ca-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/ca.pem \
  --initial-advertise-peer-urls ${ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS} \
  --listen-peer-urls ${ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS} \
  --listen-client-urls ${ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS},http://127.0.0.1:2379 \
  --advertise-client-urls ${ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS} \
  --initial-cluster-token ${ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN} \
  --initial-cluster infra1=https://172.16.5.81:2380,infra2=https://172.16.5.86:2380,infra3=https://172.16.5.87:2380 \
  --initial-cluster-state new \
  --data-dir=${ETCD_DATA_DIR}

Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

etcd的配置文件（/etc/etcd/etcd.conf）

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[root@server86 ~]# vim /etc/etcd/etcd.conf

#[member]
ETCD_NAME=infra2
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://172.16.5.86:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://172.16.5.86:2379"

#[cluster]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://172.16.5.86:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://172.16.5.86:2379"

etcd节点的参数配置文件

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这是172.16.5.86节点的配置，如果配置其他etcd节点只要将上面的IP地址改成相应节点的IP地址即可。
还要将ETCD_NAME改一下名称。

从Server81服务器拷贝etcd的TLS证书文件至Server86服务器

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[root@server81 etc]# cd etcd/
[root@server81 etcd]# ls
etcd.conf  etcdSSL
[root@server81 etcd]# 
[root@server81 etcd]# pwd
/etc/etcd
[root@server81 etcd]# 
[root@server81 etcd]# scp -r etcdSSL root@server86:/etc/etcd
ca-config.json                                 100%  288    82.3KB/s   00:00    
ca.csr                                         100%  997   283.1KB/s   00:00    
ca-csr.json                                    100%  205    60.5KB/s   00:00    
ca-key.pem                                     100% 1675   395.4KB/s   00:00    
ca.pem                                         100% 1350   356.7KB/s   00:00    
etcd.csr                                       100% 1066    50.8KB/s   00:00    
etcd-csr.json                                  100%  296    40.1KB/s   00:00    
etcd-key.pem                                   100% 1675   356.8KB/s   00:00    
etcd.pem                                       100% 1436   341.3KB/s   00:00    
[root@server81 etcd]#

启动 etcd 服务

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systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start etcd
systemctl status etcd

启动server86的etcd服务

Server87安装etcd服务

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yum install -y etcd

yum安装etcd

配置 etcd 的 service文件（/usr/lib/systemd/system）

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[root@server87 ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service

[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=notify
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/etcd/
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/etcd/etcd.conf
# set GOMAXPROCS to number of processors
ExecStart=/usr/bin/etcd \
  --name ${ETCD_NAME} \
  --cert-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/etcd.pem \
  --key-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/etcd-key.pem \
  --peer-cert-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/etcd.pem \
  --peer-key-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/etcd-key.pem \
  --trusted-ca-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/ca.pem \
  --peer-trusted-ca-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/ca.pem \
  --initial-advertise-peer-urls ${ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS} \
  --listen-peer-urls ${ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS} \
  --listen-client-urls ${ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS},http://127.0.0.1:2379 \
  --advertise-client-urls ${ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS} \
  --initial-cluster-token ${ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN} \
  --initial-cluster infra1=https://172.16.5.81:2380,infra2=https://172.16.5.86:2380,infra3=https://172.16.5.87:2380 \
  --initial-cluster-state new \
  --data-dir=${ETCD_DATA_DIR}

Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

etcd的配置文件（/etc/etcd/etcd.conf）

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[root@server87 ~]# vim /etc/etcd/etcd.conf

#[member]
ETCD_NAME=infra3
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://172.16.5.87:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://172.16.5.87:2379"

#[cluster]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://172.16.5.87:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://172.16.5.87:2379"

etcd节点的参数配置文件

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这是172.16.5.87节点的配置，如果配置其他etcd节点只要将上面的IP地址改成相应节点的IP地址即可。
还要将ETCD_NAME改一下名称。

从Server81服务器拷贝etcd的TLS证书文件至Server87服务器

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[root@server81 etcd]# scp -r etcdSSL root@server87:/etc/etcd
ca-config.json                                          100%  288   109.8KB/s   00:00    
ca.csr                                                  100%  997   417.5KB/s   00:00    
ca-csr.json                                             100%  205    79.4KB/s   00:00    
ca-key.pem                                              100% 1675   575.7KB/s   00:00    
ca.pem                                                  100% 1350   485.5KB/s   00:00    
etcd.csr                                                100% 1066   289.0KB/s   00:00    
etcd-csr.json                                           100%  296   120.7KB/s   00:00    
etcd-key.pem                                            100% 1675   601.9KB/s   00:00    
etcd.pem                                                100% 1436   104.4KB/s   00:00    
[root@server81 etcd]#

启动 etcd 服务

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systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start etcd
systemctl status etcd

启动server87的etcd服务

最后回到server81服务器，检查一下etcd集群是否正常

检查刚才启动etcd失败的Server81的节点

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[root@server81 etcd]# service etcd status
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status etcd.service
● etcd.service - Etcd Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2018-08-14 16:44:46 HKT; 10min ago
 Main PID: 13905 (etcd)
   CGroup: /system.slice/etcd.service
           └─13905 /usr/bin/etcd --name infra1 --cert-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/etcd.pem --key-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/etcd-key.pem --peer-cert-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/etcd.pem 

Aug 14 16:54:14 server81 etcd[13905]: established a TCP streaming connection with peer 9281d0058fa51de0 (stream Message writer)
Aug 14 16:54:14 server81 etcd[13905]: established a TCP streaming connection with peer 9281d0058fa51de0 (stream MsgApp v2 writer)
Aug 14 16:54:14 server81 etcd[13905]: health check for peer 9281d0058fa51de0 could not connect: dial tcp 172.16.5.87:2380: getsockopt: connection refused
Aug 14 16:54:15 server81 etcd[13905]: updating the cluster version from 3.0 to 3.2
Aug 14 16:54:15 server81 etcd[13905]: updated the cluster version from 3.0 to 3.2
Aug 14 16:54:15 server81 etcd[13905]: enabled capabilities for version 3.2
Aug 14 16:54:20 server81 etcd[13905]: 8da195f9b25012c9 [term: 1972] received a MsgApp message with higher term from 9281d0058fa51de0 [term: 1973]
Aug 14 16:54:20 server81 etcd[13905]: 8da195f9b25012c9 became follower at term 1973
Aug 14 16:54:20 server81 etcd[13905]: raft.node: 8da195f9b25012c9 changed leader from 8da195f9b25012c9 to 9281d0058fa51de0 at term 1973
Aug 14 16:54:20 server81 etcd[13905]: 8da195f9b25012c9 [logterm: 1973, index: 13, vote: 0] rejected MsgVote from 9281d0058fa51de0 [logterm: 1972, index: 12] at term 1973
[root@server81 etcd]#

Server81在安装了Server86/87节点后，服务已自动正常

检查etcd集群服务的健康

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etcdctl \
  --ca-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/ca.pem \
  --cert-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/etcd.pem \
  --key-file=/etc/etcd/etcdSSL/etcd-key.pem \
  cluster-health

最后的总结

从上面的流程对于新手基本都是可以复制黏贴就可以完成的了。但是为了能够快速执行etcd集群一键部署，我在后面写好了离线etcd三台的自动化集群部署脚本，如下图所示：

在这里已经部署好etcd集群服务了，那么在此基础上，我们下一篇章就开始部署kubernetes的服务部署了。

如果你想要看我写的总体系列文章目录介绍，可以点击kuberntes以及运维开发文章目录介绍